Most commonly occurs in males.

Risk factors

• Obesity
• Hypertension
• Chronic renal failure
• Long term dialysis

Clinical Features

• Blood in urine
• Mass in abdomen
• Pain in abdomen

Evaluation

• Urine examination
• CT scan of abdomen, chest

Stage of disease

• Very early stage – cancer limited to kidney and less than 7 cm
• Early stage – cancer more than 7 cm limited to kidney with minimal extension beyond kidney
• Advanced stage- cancer spread to main blood vessels of kidney/ lymph node spread
• Very advanced stage – spread of cancer to other organs or to liver,lungs,bones etc

Treatment

• Surgery – surgery is the major modality of treatment at all stages.
• Chemotherapy – Targeted therapy in very advanced stages
• Radiotherapy – very minimal role